Incandescent gas-burner.



Patent ed '0ct. A29, |901.

J.*MALLOL.

INGANDESCENT GAS BURNER.

(Application med Aug. 31, 1901.)

2 Sheets--Sheet I.

(No Model.)

FIGS

'W/ TA/Ess Es ,I

No. 635,623. Patented ont. 29, mol.

J. mmm.l

INCANDESCENT GAS BURNER.

m, w A .m m m .m W M 5 A.. m QW F Fw E J 6 w 2 M m v W w W UNITED STATES PATENT JAMEs MALLOL, or BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND.v

|NcANoEscENT GAS-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.`685,6v23,l datedOctobery 29, 1901.A

- Application tiled August 3l, 1901. Serial No. 73,989. (No model.) v

centgas-burners; and it consists of the herein# described improvements whereby I obtain a better light than heretofore from the same amount of gas, and the burner is simpliiied and will last longer in wear and isnot liable to become choked.

An incandescent burnerof the class hereto fore used is open to the objection that not only is the speed of the mixture of gas and air diminished, but the flame is prevented from taking sufficient air from the outside as to raise the temperature of the tiame high enough to give the best results, and, moreover, as the gauze gets clogged withparticles of carbon the heat of the `flame is very much reduced. burner having the slits cut radially in direct lines toward the center, the spaces between the slits, although small,vare sufficiently large to supply too much air to the flame, so that the supply of air to the gas issuing through the nozzle has to be checked by interposing a wire-gauze or by other means, ,the result being a ame of much lower temperature than it is possible to obtain'when the burner isconstructed according to my invention. On the other hand, if the gas takes too much air from the inside of the burner the flame burns with an objectionable roar, owingto the large amount of air that passes between the slits. In addition to the above defects these classes of burners are open to the very serious obj ection of forming a very thick annular flame if sucient gas is to be consumed to till the cavity of the mantle, so that a lot of 'gas is burning to waste, as only that part of the llame which comes in contact with the mantle produces the result of raising it to high incandescence.v Considering that a flame has a higher temperature the greater the quantity of air mixed with the gas till ity reaches its chemical equivalent and that speed in the flame is most important to supply the heat radiated by the mantle, the burners described Ina 'enlarged scale,\of a'v part of the same.

is a sectional elevation, l.and Fig. 8 is a sider elevation and plan, of a niod-ied'form of the appear to beconstructed on wrong principles, and I. construct mine in the following manner, and thereby obtain better results than heretofore.

I will describe my invention byl referring to the accompanying drawings, on Which- Figure lis a sectional elevation of an incandescent gas-bu ruer` constructed in accordance with this invention. i, Fig. 2 is a plan of the same with the crutch and mantlel removed; Figy shows separately some of the partsof which the burner is formed. Fig. 4 isla sectional elevation,and Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation and plan, of two other parts of the said' burner. Fig. (5 is a sectionaljelevation,cuan

toothed cone' part of thesaid burner.

The same reference-numerals indicatethe l same parts in all the liguires.`

Screwed to the. upright tube'lo'f the burner is a socket 2, of inverted conical or cupshape,"v having a threaded recess' `at the top, into which screws a cylindrical tube 4, thus form-1 the lower portion 6`of which is `an inverted truncated cone of about one-half thelength ofthe complete cone, thenpperportio'n- 7 being by preference hollowed at the top, having acentral boss 8, which isbored to receive the ordinary crutch 9 to support the mantleI 10."

The upper portion of the cone 5 has teeth 1l cut in it by'a wheel-cutting machinelorvby other suitable means, these teeth extending Vfrom the top for acertaiu distance down, the

apertures between the' teeth 1l forming thel t :out-lets through which'the' mixed air and gas f issues as it is burned. The tipsiof the teeth 11 justvtouch or very nearly touch the interior of the tube 4.. The teeth ll may be straight or oblique, and they form knife-edged ribs down to about the middle of the cone, which become heated when thev burner is lighted and heat the gaseous mixture as it rises up' i between them. To giverthe best results, the number and depth of the teeth are important.

roc

I find that if the cone is about one inch in diameter then about forty-four teeth, as

shown, give the best results; but ifl the number of teeth are in this diameter diminished to below thirty the flame is liable to fire back. A suitable depth for the teeth is about one.- eighth of an inch.

The toothed cone 5 above described is by preference made of metal; but it may be made of steatite or other suitable substances.

To prevent the possibility of the flame firing back and also to insure the proper mixing of the air and gas as well as the heating of the gaseous mixture, I provide around the toothed cone 5 a truncated cone 12, of wiregauze or perforated metal, which is a little larger at its narrowest part 13 than the cone 5 and is rather shorter, the toothed coue5 projecting through it, (see Fig. 1,) the diameter of the upper part 14 being about the same as that of the solid cone 5. This wiregauze or perforated cone 12 is by preference made of copper, and when made ot' gauze is rolled, so that the wires are Hattened and pressed together, having the appearance of perforated metal. 1

The two cones 5 and 12 are suitably supported inside the mixing-chamber l 2 4 bythe star-shaped piece 15, made with, say, three radial arms 16, which project outwardly at the lower part of the cone 5 and tit exactly into and between the screw-threads in the re- 1 i as it is not possible in this case to make the cess 3 of the socket 2, the arms G being formed with a central boss 15, through which passes the screw 17, which is screwed into the cone 5 to secure the star-shaped piece 15 thereto. Thisserew 17.is made with an inverted somewhat-conical head 18,so as not to obstruct the gaseous mixture passing up through the mixing-chamber. The upper part 19 of the screw 17 fills up the lower part of the hole S in the cone 5, as otherwise the holeS, in which the crutch fits, would be too deep.

The Bunsen-burner part is made dieri ently to those at present in use, the object being to provide a complete burnershort enough to screw onto any gas-fitting like an ordinary gas-burner without the mantle projecting above the ordinary glass globe, so that the burner can be used with any globe and tittings without the expense of special ones, as at present. In making the Bunsen-burner part I provide a taper screwed nipple 20 for screwing into any ordinary gas-fitting and made with a disk 21, having a projecting milled rim 22, the nipple also projecting at 23 above the disk 21, and the nipple has a central hole 24, which widens toward the top and forms a sort of tube, in the top of which is spun a thin circle of metal 25, (shown separately on enlarged scale in Fig. 6,) having three small holes 2G, which are at sufficient distance from each other to forn1,three gasjets slightly inclined outwardly, so as to properly mix with the incoming air. The disk part 21 of the nipple is perforated with vertical holes 27, up which the air passes. Screwed onto the disk part 21 is a slightlytapered tube 28, having an inverted-funnel shape 29 at the bottom and screwed internally at ,30, thus, with the nipple 20, forming the Bunsen burner, the airentering from underneath through the holes 27 in the disk 21,

as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1, instead .of entering sidewise, as usual.

The top 31 of the tube 28 is countersunk to a fine edge inside, so as to prevent the formation of a shoulder inside. The mixture of air and gas will burn in the burner without firing back notwithstanding its short length, and when the tube, with the part 1 of the previouslydescribed top part of the burner, is fitted outside the tube 28 and the crutch 9 and mantle `10 are in position the incandescent burner is complete.

When my invention is used for public lighting or in other public places where a hissing noise in the burner is no objection, the Bunsen burner maybe made with only one of the jet-holes 26 in the center of the disk 25 instead of the three jets above described, the top part in this case being made some few inches higher to prevent flashing back.

In the modification of my invention illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8 instead of employing the solid cone 5, as above described, with the teeth 11 cut or formed in it, I make the cone 5 by stamping from sheet metal with a fluted edge 32 and iinish it with tolls in a press, and

grooves between the flutes 32 deep enough to give sufficient area for the gaseous mixture to pass through if the tips of the tintes touch the interior of the tube 4 a small annular space 33 is left between the cone 5 and the interior of the cylindrical tube part 4 of the mixing-chamber, as shown in the plan View,

t Fig. s.

The cone 5 is by preference hollowed at the top, so that the top part and ribs 11 will be heated to a high temperature by the flame and willthus heat to a high temperature the gaseous mixture which rises up between the teeth, and thereby increase the etiiciency of the burner.

lVhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an incandescent burner, the combination with the burner-tube having a mixingchamber in theupper part thereof, of an inverted cone located in said chamber and having a pl u ralityof ribs on its surface and a perforated cone surrounding said ribbed cone, substantially as described. i

2. The combination with the burner-tube having a mixing-chamber, of a star-shaped piece having its arms engaging the walls of said mixing-chamber, and an inverted ribbed cone supported on said star-shaped piece, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES M ALLOL.

Witnesses:

CHARLES BosWoE'rH KETLEY, HERBERT WHITEHOUSE. 

